Pharmacognacy Notes
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers to assist you improve your knowledge.
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Synonyms of Important Drugs
| Name of Drug | Synonyms |
|---|---|
| ALKALOIDS | |
| Nux vomica | Crow fig, Semen strychni |
| Physostigma | Calabar beans, Ordeal beans |
| Rauwolfia | Indian Snake Root, Serpagandha |
| Vinca | Catharanthus, Periwinkle, Lady’s Thistle |
| Curare | South American Arrow Poison |
| Belladonna | Deadly Night Shade Leaf |
| Datura herb | Angel’s Trumpet |
| Hyoscyamus | Henbane, Night shade leaf |
| Stramonium | Thorn Apple Leaves |
| Duboisia | Cork-wood, cork-tree |
| Cinchona | Jesuit’s bark, Peruvian bark |
| Areca | Betal nut |
| Lobelia | Indian Tobacco, Asthma Weed |
| Jaborandi | Pilocarpus |
| Ephedra | Ma-Huang |
| Colchicum | Meadow saffron seeds, Autumn Crocus |
| Kola | Bissy or Gooroo seeds |
| Tea | Thea |
| Veratrum viride | American or green hellebore |
| Veratrum album | European or white hellebore |
| Kurchi | Holarrhena |
| Ashwagandha | Withania root, Winter cherry, Indian Ginseng |
| Aconite | Bachnag, Monkshood |
| Vasaka | Adhatoda, Adulsa, Malabar nut |
| GLYCOSIDES | |
| Rhubarb | Radix rhei, Rheum |
| Cascara | Sacred bark, Chittem bark, Bearberry bark, Bearwood |
| Hypericum | St. John’s wort, Millepertuis, Goat weed |
| Aloes | Musabbar, Kumari |
| Cochineal | Coccus, Red scale insect |
| Digitalis purpurea | Foxglove leaves |
| Digitalis lanata | Wooly foxglove leaves, Grecian foxglove, Austrial digitalis |
| Thevetia | Yellow oleander, Trumpet flower, Lucky-nut tree |
| Indian squill | Sea onion |
| European squill | White squill, Meerzweibel |
| Strophanthus | Arrow poison |
| G-strophanthin | Ouabain |
| Dioscorea | Yam, Rheumatism root |
| Liquorice | Yasti |
| Ginseng | Ninjin, Panax, Energofit |
| Senega | Rattlesnake root |
| Gokhru | Puncture vine, Tribulus |
| Wild cherry bark | Virginian prune bark |
| Visnaga | Khella, Pick-tooth fruit |
| Psoralea | Bavachi |
| Chirata | East Indian Balmony |
| Quassia | Bitter wood |
| Kalmegh | Andrographis |
| TERPENOIDS | |
| Gaultheria | Betula oil, Oil of wintergreen |
| Chenopodium | American wormseed oil |
| Eucalyptus | Lemon gum tree |
| Lemon Grass oil | Indian Melissa oil |
| Peppermint oil | Mentha, Colpermin |
| Caraway | Carum |
| Dill | Anethum |
| Fennel | Fruit of Foeniculum |
| Nutmeg | Myristica, Nux Moschata |
| Garlic | Allium |
| Tulsi | Sacred basil, Holy basil |
| Musk | Moschus, Kasturi |
| Clove | Caryophyllum |
| Acorus | Sweet flag, Bach |
| Crocus | Saffron |
| RESINS | |
| Capsicum | Chillies, Cayenne pepper, Axsain, Mioton, Zostrix |
| Turmeric | Indian Saffron |
| Asafoetida | Devil’s dung, Food of the Gods, Asant |
| Cannabis | Indian hemp |
| Ipomoea | Orizaba jalap roots, Mexican scammony |
| Podophyllum | Himalayan May Apple, Mandrakes root, Vegetable calomel |
| Benzoin | Loban, Bitter-almond-oil camphor |
| Myrrh | Bol |
| Guggul | Scented Bdellium, Commiphora |
| Colophony | Rosin, Amber-resin, Pine-resin |
| Tolu Balsam | Thomas balsam, Opobalsam carang |
| Peruvian Balsam | Indian balsam, Black balsam, China oil, Honduras balsam, Surinam balsam |
| CARBOHYDRATES AND DERIVED PRODUCTS | |
| Isapgol | Indian Psyllium, Plantain seed, Flea seed |
| Indian Gum | Gum acacia |
| Guar Gum | Decorpa, Cyamopsis gum, Burtonite V-7-E |
| Tragacanth | Tragacantha |
| Gum Karaya | Indian tragacanth, Sterculia gum, Kadaya, Katilo Kullo, Kuteera, Mucara |
| Agar | Japanese Isinglass, Vegetable gelatin, Layor carang |
| Starch | Amylum |
| Honey | Mel |
| TANNINS | |
| Amla | Indian Goose Berry |
| Pale catechu | Gambier |
| LIPIDS | |
| Castor oil | Ricinus oil |
| Chaulmoogra oil | Hydnocarpus oil, Gynocardia oil |
| Linseed oil | Flax seed oil |
| Kokum butter | Mangosteen oil |
| Cocoa Butter | Theobroma Oil |
| Shark liver oil | Oleum Selachoid |
| Cod Liver oil | Oleum Morris |
| Hydrous Wool fat | Lanolin, Adeps Lanae |
| Yellow bees wax | Cera-flava |
| Lard | Adeps |
| ENZYMES | |
| Diastase | Amylase |
| Lysozyme | Muramidase |
| NATURAL PESTICIDES | |
| Pyrethrum | Insect flowers |
| Neem | Margosa |
| MINERALS | |
| Chalk | Whiting |
| Fueller’s earth | Floridin |
| Kaolin | China-clay, Porcelain clay |
| Kieselghur | Diatomaceous earth |
| Talc | French chalk |
| FIBRES, SUTURES AND SURGICAL DRESSINGS | |
| Oxidized cellulose | Pyroxylin |
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